This interesting surname is of
Anglo-Saxon origin, and has two possible sources. Firstly, the surname may be
locational from Cheal in Lincolnshire, which was recorded as "Cegle" in the Saxon
Chartulary of 852, and as "Ceila" in the
Domesday Book of 1086. Cheal is situated on a stream, and derives from the
Olde English pre 7th Century "cegel", a peg, pole, and the meaning here may be "pole" or "plank bridge". Locational surnames were developed when former inhabitants of a place moved to another area, usually to seek work, and were best identified by the name of their birthplace. Secondly, the surname may derive from the Olde English "cele, ciele", cold, coldness,
Middle English "chele", cold, frost, and would have been given as a
nickname to someone lacking warmth. William Chele is noted in the
Subsidy Rolls of Worcestershire (1275). In the modern idiom the surname can be found as Cheal, Cheale, Cheales and Cheel. On November 4th 1738, Thomas, son of John and Ruth Cheales, was
christened at St. Clement Danes, Westminster, London, and William, son of John Cheales, was christened on January 20th 1788, at St. Mary's, St. Marylebone Road, also in London. A
Coat of Arms granted to this family depicts three
gold eagles displayed, ducally crowned and armed
silver, the
Crest being a gold eagles head
erased, ducally crowned silver. The first recorded spelling of the family name is shown to be that of Gilbert
de Cheles, which was dated 1275, in the "
Hundred Rolls of Lincolnshire", during the reign of King Edward 1, known as "
The Hammer of the Scots", 1272 - 1307. Surnames became necessary when governments introduced personal taxation. In England this was known as
Poll Tax. Throughout the centuries, surnames in every country have continued to "develop" often leading to astonishing
variants of the original spelling.