Recorded in over seventy spellings ranging from Augustin, Aoustin, Outin (France), Agostino, Agostini, D'Agostino, D'Agostini (Italian), Augustein, Auxten (Germany), Austen, Austin and Augustine (England), this is a medieval surname of biblical and Roman origins. Introduced into Europe in the 12th century by the returning Crusaders from the Holy Land, the derivation is from the pre Christian "Augustus" meaning venerable or sacred. The name was particularly popular on the continent where it was and still is, associated with St Augustine and the monasteries that he founded in the 7th century, but less so in Britain where after the Reformation and the antics of King Henry V111, it was no longer politic to hold a name associated with the old religion. Nethertheless in its various forms this is one of the oldest of all recorded surnames, and early examples taken from surviving charters, registers, and rolls, of the medieval period include Mariota Augustin of Huntingdon in the year 1273, and Nicholas Augustin in the Subsidy Rolls of Worcester in 1275. Later examples include Gertrude Augustin, who married Guillbart Wylkison at St Antholins church, city of London, in 1596, and Frances August of Greenwich, who married Mary Fisher at Canterbury in 1663. This first known recording of the surname in any spelling is believed to be that of John Augustyn, of Cambridgeshire, in the Hundred Rolls of that county for the year 1272. This was in the first year of the reign of King Edward 1st of England, 1272 - 1307.