This interesting surname is of
medieval English origin, and is a
metonymic occupational name for a man responsible for the maintenance and provision of palfreys. A palfrey was a light saddle horse especially ridden by women, and derives from the
Middle English "palfrey", saddle-horse, from the
Old French "palefrei", from the medieval
Latin "palafredus", from the Late Latin "paraveredus", which is composed of the
Greek element "para", beside, and the latin "veredus", light fleet horse. Job-descriptive surnames originally denoted the actual occupation of the
namebearer, and later became
hereditary. Ralph Palefray is noted in the Boldon Book of Durham (1183), and Gilbert Palfrey is listed in the 1273
Hundred Rolls of Norfolk. In the modern idiom the surname can be found as Palfrey, Palfery, Parffrey, Parfrey, Palfree and Palfrie. Recordings of the surname from
London Church Registers include: the marriage of Wyllim Palfree and Elizabetha Deiman on February 6th 1598, at St. Luke's, Chelsea, and the
christening of Jane, daughter of Mathew and Alic Palfree at St. Botolph without Aldgate, on September 9th 1707. The
Coat of Arms most associated with the family depicts a
gold chevron between three gold horses at full speed on a
black shield. In Heraldry gold denotes Generosity and Elevation of Mind and black signifies Constancy. The first recorded spelling of the family name is shown to be that of Hunfridus Palefrei, which was dated 1148, in the "Book of Winton", Hampshire, during the reign of King Stephen, known as "
Count of Blois", 1135 - 1154. Surnames became necessary when governments introduced personal taxation. In England this was known as
Poll Tax. Throughout the centuries, surnames in every country have continued to "develop" often leading to astonishing
variants of the original spelling.