This most interesting surname may be of Spanish origin, deriving from an old given name that appears in medieval sources in the Latin forms "Munnius" and "Monnius"; it is of uncertain origin, but may be from a Germanic short form of various compound personal names containing the first element "mund", protection. It may also be a shortened form of "Munoz, Muniz", meaning either "the son of Muno ("muno", hill), or from "Nuno", ninth, a personal name which may have been given to the ninth child in a family. Finally, in some cases, in England and France, the name may be a variant of "Munn", from the Anglo-French "moun, mun", monk, possibly a nickname for one who resided in a monastic establishment or an occupational name for someone who worked as a monk. Mary Munno married John Bigg on April 10th 1758 at Egerton, Kent, while Katharina Muno married Johannes Kohlhaas on October 27th 1798 at St. Herblain, Loire-Atlantique, in France. Gertrudis Muno married Juan Borras on July 8th 1844 at Sans, Barcelona, Spain, and a son, Pedro, was born to Manuel and Rita Muino in 1853 at Arrigueira, La Coruna, in Spain. The first recorded spelling of the family name is shown to be that of Robert Mone, which was dated 1260, in the "Assize Court Rolls of Yorkshire", during the reign of King Henry 111, known as "The Frenchman", 1216 - 1272. Surnames became necessary when governments introduced personal taxation. In England this was known as Poll Tax. Throughout the centuries, surnames in every country have continued to "develop" often leading to astonishing variants of the original spelling.