Recorded in several forms including Croy, Croyser, Cross, Crozet, Crozier, and Crosser, this interesting name is English. It is however of early French origin, and is an
occupational surname for the bearer of a cross or a bishop's crook in ecclesiastical processions, or of the cross at a
monastery. The name might also have been used of someone who made and sold crosses or to someone living by a cross. The derivation is from the French word Croisier, originally an agent derivative of the "word crois", meaning a cross, but later also associated with "croce" meaning "crook". Job descriptive surnames originally denoted the actual occupation of the
namebearer, and later became
hereditary. The early recordings of the surname include Robert Croys of Colchester in 1354, Johannes Croser of Yorksshire in 1379, and four centuries later Joseph Crozier who was
christened on the March 30th 1713 at St. Botolph's Bishopsgate in the city of London. The
coat of arms most associated with the name has the
blazon of a
blue shield, on a
silver fess between three
gold crosses crosslet placed
saltireways, as many
black martlets. The
Crest being an arm vested erect holding a gold crosier. The first recorded spelling of the family name is shown to be that of William
le Croyser. This was dated 1264, in the "Eynsham
Cartulary", during the reign of King Henry 111, known as "
The Frenchman", 1216 - 1272. Surnames became necessary when governments introduced personal taxation. In England this was sometimes known as
Poll Tax. Throughout the centuries, surnames in every country have continued to "develop" often leading to astonishing
variants of the original spelling.