This unusual surname is of
Old French origin, and derives from either of two
Germanic male
given names, Bertaud or Bert(h)ier, both having "berht", bright, famous, as their initial element, with "wa(l)d", ruler, and "heri, hari", army, as their respective second elements. Pre 7th Century
Anglo-Saxon and
Norse baptismal names were usually distinctive
compounds whose elements were often associated with the Gods of Fire, Water, and War. The popularity of the above names gave rise to a variety of
diminutive and
pet forms including: Bertelin, Berthelin, Bertelet, Bertelot and Berteron. In the Tallage Rolls of Paris, dated 1292, the same person is entered as "Bertaut" and "Bertelot". It was the
Normans who initially introduced the name into England after the
Conquest of 1066 (see below for first recording). Entries in French
Church Registers include the birth of Bonaventure, son of Nicolas Bertheline and Jeanne Bejard, at Troyes, Aube, on February 2nd 1611, and the
christening of Pierre Bertelin, an infant, at Angers, Maine-et-Loire, on April 7th 1635. On October 1st 1820, Henry Bertlin was christened at St. Giles, Camberwell, London. A
Coat of Arms granted to the Berthelin family of Poitou, Champagne, depicts a
gold leopard's head, langued
red, on an
azure shield surrounded by a gold bordure. The first recorded spelling of the family name is shown to be that of Godricus Bertelot, which was dated circa 1157, in "Records of St. Benet of Holme", Norfolk, during the reign of King Henry 11, known as "
The Builder of Churches", 1154 - 1189. Surnames became necessary when governments introduced personal taxation. In England this was known as
Poll Tax. Throughout the centuries, surnames in every country have continued to "develop" often leading to astonishing
variants of the original spelling.